Applications of Differential Pressure Gauges in Industrial Processes (2)

Applications of Differential Pressure Gauges in Industrial Processes (2)

As explained in the previous weekly issue, measuring the differential pressure between two points in an industrial process serves specific objectives that may not be immediately apparent. In the first part, we discussed its application in monitoring the level of blockage in industrial filters. In the following section, we will further explore the common applications of this measurement.

Liquid Level Measurement in Tanks:

Since the hydrostatic pressure of a fluid at the bottom of a tank is directly proportional to its height, differential pressure gauges are used to monitor the level of pressurized tanks. In this setup, the High port is connected to the bottom of the tank, and the Low port is connected to the top. The reason for connecting the Low port to the top of the tank is to eliminate the upstream pressure so that it does not combine with the pressure caused by the fluid height.

Flow Measurement in Pipelines:

Based on the direct relationship between differential pressure and flow rate, placing an Orifice Plate or Venturi tube in the fluid path creates a calculated and permissible pressure difference in the line, which is measured using a differential pressure gauge and transmitter. By applying a coefficient derived from the fluid properties (temperature, pressure, density), this measurement is then converted to the equivalent flow rate. It should be noted that this method is not ideal for precise metering and is mostly used for water and steam lines.

Differential pressure gauges generally operate using two mechanisms: piston and diaphragm. The piston mechanism is used for clean gases at low pressures, while diaphragm-type differential pressure gauges are employed for viscous fluids and high static pressures.

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